Aug 12, 2018 breastfeeding, maternal and infant health outcomes in developed countries health and nutrition coordinators may find this report useful when promoting breastfeeding. As much as % of all deaths of children younger than 5 years could be prevented by promotional strategies to increase breastfeeding rates. Global trends in exclusive breastfeeding international breastfeeding. Taylor berger fshn 342 nutrition case study report january 24, 2016 breastfeeding in developing countries referencing the material in section 1 of this course, we learned that maternal health in a mother is directly correlated to the health of her children from infancy and into childhood, especially for her female offspring. Belizan b a departments of maternal and child health and of gynecology and obstetrics, johns hopkins university, baltimore, maryland 21205, u. Because of its inextricable relationship with the birth experience, breastfeeding must be supported throughout the mater. Studies were stratified according to study design controlled trials vs observational studies, provenance developing vs developed countries, and timing of compared feeding groups 37 months vs later. Breastfeeding, breast feeding, developed countries, evidencebased medicine, treatment outcome publisher rockville, md. Pdf breastfeeding and maternal health and infant health. The overall rate of breastfeeding in developing countries has continued to improve over the years. However, 1 year later, diagnosis of hiv infection arose in both of them after a pediatric. Breastfeeding for 6 months or more increases motor scores at 9 months.
Pros and cons of breastfeeding in developed countries. Ip s, chung m, raman g, chew p, magula n, devine d, trikalinos t, lau j. His mother had regular pregnancy followup and was found to be seronegative for hiv on 2 consecutive screening tests during pregnancy and just after delivery. Breastfeeding and maternal and infant health outcomes in. High coverage with optimal breastfeeding practices has potentially the single largest impact on child survival of all preventive interventions. Feltner c, weber rp, stuebe a, grodensky ca, orr c, viswanathan m. Sep 01, 2014 we describe here the case of a monthold boy who acquired hiv infection postnatally through breastfeeding in a developed country in 2012. A risk of breastfeeding in developing countries is the transmission of infectious diseases such as hiv and ebola. News breastfeeding rates too low in developed countries, unicef says. Breastfeeding in developing countries sciencedirect. The calculated protein and calorie requirements and nutritional status of intrauterinegrowthretarded infants of poor mothers in underdeveloped countries were compared with the estimated amounts of protein and calories supplied in the mothers milk and their nutritional status both before and. Experiences with breastfeeding in the first hours and days of life significantly influence an infants later feeding. For maternal outcomes, a history of lactation was associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes, breast, and ovarian. The cdc guide to strategies to support breastfeeding mothers and babies.
Who collaborative study team on the role of breastfeeding on the prevention of infant mortality. Breastfeeding and maternal and infant health outcomes in developed countries. Breast feeding in developing countries longdom publishing sl. In focusing on exogenous shifts in breastfeeding support, our identification strategy shares common ground with the only randomized controlled trial in lactation, kramer et al. This article summarizes the agency for healthcare research and qualitys evidence report on the effects of breastfeeding on term infant and maternal health outcomes in developed countries. Breastfeeding supports healthy brain development, and is.
The exclusive breastfeeding rate in developing countries is only 36% and an estimated 34. Trend data suggest the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among infants younger than six months in developing countries. This study aimed at determining the breastfeeding practices and examining the sociodemographic characteristics that influence exclusive breastfeeding among mothers attending child welfare clinic at manhean, in the tema east submeteropolitan area of greater accra region of ghana. Abm position on breastfeedingrevised 2015 mary ann liebert. Exclusive breastfeeding is important for child health and growth, but its practice is low in many developing countries. Vaucher said, protective factors including antibodies, cytokines, antiviral lipids, lactoferrin. The calculated protein and calorie requirements and nutritional status of intrauterinegrowthretarded infants of poor mothers in underdeveloped countries were compared with the estimated amounts of protein and calories supplied in the mothers milk and their nutritional sta. Determinants of infant and underfive mortality the case. Similarly, it was also unclear concerning the relationship between breastfeeding and infant mortality in developed countries. In some areas 3040% of birthweights may be below 2500 g3,4 with 75% of the infants intrauterinegrowthretarded iugr. For maternal outcomes, a history of lactation was associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes, breast, and ovarian cancer. Breastfeeding, maternal and infant health outcomes in. Breastfeeding 21 st 6 the economic argument for investing in breastfeeding breastfeedings benefits to mothers and children translate into substantial economic savings for countries when calculating the longterm cost due to cognitive loss, which impacts the workforces earning potential and contribution to productivity. Deaths of an estimated 820,000 children under the age of five could be prevented globally every year with increased breastfeeding.
The frequency of low birthweight lt2500 g is, on average, three times greater in underdeveloped 17% than in developed countries 6%. Colorado breastfeeding logic model for communitybased change. Infant and underfive mortality in jordan have decreased steadily over the last two decades, reaching 21 and 24 per 1,000 live births in 2007, respectively. The evidence on the many and remarkable benefits of breastfeeding is well known. Breastfeeding was relatively rare in the united states in the middle of the 20 th century. In 1995, about 33 percent of new mothers breastfed.
In randomeffects metaanalyses, breastfeeding promotion interventions in developed countries resulted in significantly increased rates of short 1 to 3 months and longterm 6 to 8 months. Pdf breastfeeding and maternal and infant health outcomes. Breastfeeding programs and policies, breastfeeding uptake, and maternal health outcomes in developed countries. Countries and areas with significant improvements appear to benefit primarily from the reduction in suboptimal. Breast milk is the natural nutrition for all infants. Why invest, and what it will take to improve breastfeeding practices. Breastfeeding trends and updated national health objectives for exclusive breastfeeding united states birth years 20002004. Other benefits include lower risks of asthma, food allergies, and type 1 diabetes. Breastfeeding not only is beneficial for the child but also the mother as well. Breastfeeding has a number of benefits to both mother and baby, which infant formula lacks. If more global health aid organizations promoted breastfeeding as. Background literature this section focuses on the determinants of breastfeeding and the effect of breastfeeding on child outcomes in developed countries. Provision of an address does not constitute an endorsement of this organization by cdc or the federal.
Early cessation of breastfeeding or not breastfeeding was associated with an increased risk of maternal postpartum depression. These secondary sources were selected after a comprehensive computerized search of the academic and grey literature for comparative databases. This may endanger lives and undermine the efforts of national policies in achieving the objectives of the millennium development goals. We examined the use of, and factors for use, of all available breastmilk substitutes bms in a country with a. Breastfeeding programs and policies, breastfeeding uptake. Breastfeeding practices and determinants of exclusive. The benefits of breastfeeding across the early years of childhood. Countries can rapidly improve breastfeeding practices by scaling up known. Research in developed and developing countries of the world, including middleclass populations in developed countries, provides strong evidence that human milk feeding decreases the incidence andor severity of a wide range of infectious diseases23 including bacterial meningitis,24,25 bacteremia,25,26 di. Breastfeeding and maternal and infant health outcomes in ncbi. Hundreds of thousands of babies could be saved each year if they received enough breast milk, unicef says. The cdc guide to strategies to support breastfeeding mothers.
Adequate knowledge on exclusive breastfeeding is a central implement that navigates the course of breastfeeding stability and distinctiveness amongst mothers. Breastfeeding decreases the risk of respiratory tract infections and diarrhea, both in developing and developed countries. In every country of the world, breastfeeding has a multitude of benefits for women and children. Breastfeeding can save many lives of young children. Web site addresses of nonfederal organizations are provided solely as a service to readers. To view the changes, go to summary of protocol amendments. A summary of the agency for healthcare research and qualitys. Breastfeeding is an extremely timesensitive relationship. Broadly, these results are not sensitive to model specifications. The new york times reported in 2008 that up to 48% of infant hiv in developing countries is from breastfeeding. Background developing countries with traditionally breastfeeding are now experiencing the increasing pressure of formula milk marketing.